grand duchy of luxembourg

23,422), capital of Luxembourg prov., SE Belgium, near the border with Luxembourg. After Napoleon was defeated in 1814, most of it became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, with the part on the east side of the rivers Our and Sauer becoming part of Prussia (now Germany). Luxembourg is divided into 12 cantons, which are further divided into 102 communes. Luxembourg - Luxembourg - Independent Luxembourg: William I negotiated a customs union for Luxembourg with Prussia, and his successor, William II, ratified this treaty in 1842. [14] Foreigners account for nearly half of Luxembourg's population. Being a landlocked country, Luxembourg has no navy. Luxembourg is the "lux" in Benelux, which includes Belgium and the Netherlands. 5–8. The peoples of Luxembourg and their languages reflect the grand duchy’s common interests and close historical relations with its neighbours. [citation needed], After the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, Luxembourg was disputed between Prussia and the Netherlands. The chief towns are Arlon Arlon, Du. [citation needed] After belonging to both the France of Louis XIV and the Austria of Maria Theresa, Luxembourg became part of the First French Republic and Empire under Napoleon. In early November 2014, just days after becoming head of the European Commission, the Luxembourg's former Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker was hit by media disclosures—derived from a document leak known as Luxembourg Leaks—that Luxembourg under his premiership had turned into a major European centre of corporate tax avoidance. [citation needed] In 1842 Luxembourg joined the German Customs Union (Zollverein). In the following years, a small town and market grew around the new castle. La Sté Government of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg a publié ce contenu, le 27 décembre 2020, et est seule responsable des informations qui y sont renfermées. Since the beginning of the 21st century, its governments have focused on developing the country into a knowledge economy, with the founding of the University of Luxembourg and a national space programme, projecting the first involvement in a robotic lunar expedition by 2020. It represented Luxembourg as the "Green Heart in Europe". [52] The Constitution of Luxembourg, the supreme law of Luxembourg, was adopted on 17 October 1868. Actualités politiques sur le Premier ministre luxembourgeois et les membres du gouvernement, ainsi que sur les services et administrations de l'Etat luxembourgeois. Achetez neuf ou d'occasion Moreover, the Luxembourg government has aimed to attract Internet start-ups, with Skype and Amazon being two of the many Internet companies that have shifted their regional headquarters to Luxembourg. [69], Luxembourg has an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb), marked by high precipitation, particularly in late summer. [77][78] In March 2010, the Sunday Telegraph reported that most of Kim Jong-Il's $4 billion in secret accounts is in Luxembourg banks. The northern third of the country is known as the Oesling, and forms part of the Ardennes. Luxembourg - Weekly review Infection numbers in the Grand Duchy continue stabilising Author: Pierre Weimerkirch (RTL) - adapted for RTL Today | Update: 26.01.2021 08:21 | 0 Comment(s) [140] In addition to the three national languages, English is taught in compulsory schooling and much of the population of Luxembourg can speak English. [91] In 2011, Luxembourg had an NGA coverage of 75%. [19] In 1308, Count of Luxembourg Henry VII became King of the Germans and later Holy Roman Emperor. the state of the drugs problem in the grand duchy of luxembourg edition 2011 crp-sante author : alain origer point focal luxembourgeois de l'o.e.d.t. Livestock and agricultural … Aarlen, town (1991 pop. EN: Discover Michelin's newest selection of Luxembourg's best restaurants who have been awarded the precious stars or Bib Gourmand label. This castle dominated a stretch of the old Roman road linking Reims, Arlon, and Trier, and opened some prospects for trade and taxation. [3] After the invasion of the Germanic tribes from the East, Luxembourg became part of the Frankish Empire. The debt to GDP was 22.10%. Its name, meaning "forests," comes from the Ardennes forests. Antonyms for Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg. In the following years, Count Siegfried had a new castle built on the site of these ruins, on a rock that would later be called Bock Fiels. Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (n.). [139] Proficiency in all three languages is required for graduation from secondary school, but half the students leave school without a certified qualification, with the children of immigrants being particularly disadvantaged. The first known reference to the territory was made by Julius Caesar in his Commentaries on the Gallic War. 232,813), 1,706 sq mi (4,419 sq km), SE Belgium, in the Ardennes, bordering on the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg in the east and on France in the south. EN: Today is Dräikinneksdag in Luxembourg, the ‘Day of the Three Kings’, to commemorate the day on which the three Magi visited baby Jesus. Voir les formats et éditions Masquer les autres formats et éditions. The borders of the Grand Duchy were thus established and have not changed since. Luxembourg (/ˈlʌksəmbɜːrɡ/ (listen) LUK-səm-burg; Luxembourgish: Lëtzebuerg [ˈlətsəbuə̯ɕ] (listen); French: Luxembourg; German: Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg (Luxembourgish), Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (French), Großherzogtum Luxemburg (German), is a landlocked country in Western Europe. [133], Due to the large community of Portuguese origin, the Portuguese language is de facto fairly present in Luxembourg though it remains limited to the relationships inside this community; although Portuguese does not have any official status, the administration sometimes holds certain informative documents available in Portuguese. Luxembourg's neutral status under the constitution formally ended in 1948, and in 1949 it became a founding member of NATO. [74] Luxembourg is ranked 13th in The Heritage Foundation's Index of Economic Freedom,[75] 26th in the United Nations Human Development Index, and 4th in the Economist Intelligence Unit's quality of life index. Livestock and agricultural … Most official business and written communication is carried out in French, which is also the language mostly used for public communication, with written official statements, advertising displays and road signs generally being in French. This tiny landlocked country, sandwiched between France, Belgium and Germany, is surrounded by rolling countryside, has a wealth of culture, history and nature all packed into a country the size of Oxfordshire. Its capital, Luxembourg City, is one of the four official capitals of the European Union (together with Brussels, Frankfurt, and Strasbourg) and the seat of the Court of Justice of the European Union, the highest judicial authority in the EU. This quest is frustrating a lot of people. [79] Amazon.co.uk also benefits from Luxembourg tax loopholes by channeling substantial UK revenues as reported by The Guardian in April 2012. This enabled Germany to use the railway lines, while at the same time denying them to France. After his death, Mary married Archduke Maximilian I of the House of Habsburg, who later became Holy Roman Emperor. The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a parliamentary constitutional monarchy (Grand Duchy) with a head of government - the prime minister - and a head of state - the Grand Duke - who has only formal rights. [50][unreliable source? Competition between the different operators is guaranteed by the legislative framework Paquet Telecom[89] of the Government of 2011 which transposes the European Telecom Directives into Luxembourgish law. This date is considered to be the starting point for the creation of the independent state of Luxembourg. [128][129] Every citizen or resident has the right to address the administration in the language of their choice among the three official languages and to be answered in that language. [citation needed], Luxembourg is known in Europe for its radio and television stations (Radio Luxembourg and RTL Group). In order to answer the calls adequately, the medical doctors of the Poison Centre need to have access to the ingredients of the products on the Luxembourg market. 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011 census, 2020 estimate. The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a parliamentary constitutional monarchy (Grand Duchy) with a head of government - the prime minister - and a head of state - the Grand Duke - who has only formal rights. [97][98][99][100], Luxembourg is connected to all major European Internet Exchanges (AMS-IX Amsterdam,[101] DE-CIX Frankfurt,[102] LINX London),[103] datacenters and POPs through redundant optical networks. 1. a grand duchy (a constitutional monarchy) landlocked in northwestern Europe between France and Belgium and Germany; an international financial center The Grand Duchy borders the Belgian Walloon Region, in particular the latter's provinces of Luxembourg and Liège, part of which comprises the German-speaking Community of Belgium, to the west and to the north, respectively. This gives the state a hand in religious administration and appointment of clergy, in exchange for which the state pays certain running costs and wages. In a document from the year 1089, he is referred to as comes Henricus de Lutzeleburg, which also makes him the first documented count of Luxembourg. In 2014, Luxembourg School of Business, a graduate business school, has been created through private initiative and has received the accreditation from the Ministry of Higher Education and Research of Luxembourg in 2017. Where to Find Princess Isabeau in Red Dead Redemption 2. [86], Luxembourg has road, rail and air transport facilities and services. [121][122], The people of Luxembourg are called Luxembourgers. [148][unreliable source? [citation needed], Luxembourg is the site of the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Court of Auditors, the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat) and other vital EU organs. By 1083, this lower town contained two churches, two bridges of the rivers Alzette, and Petruss. It lies between latitudes 49° and 51° N, and longitudes 5° and 7° E.[63]. Antonyms for Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. [60] In accordance with a joint agreement with Belgium, both countries have put forth funding for one A400M military cargo plane. [93] The country's location in Central Europe, stable economy and low taxes favour the telecommunication industry. 1500: Bavarian, Swabian, Upper Rhenish, Lower Rhenish–Westphalian, Franconian, (Lower) Saxon, Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}49°37′N 6°08′E / 49.61°N 6.13°E / 49.61; 6.13, Musée d'Histoire de la Ville de Luxembourg, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duchy_of_Luxemburg&oldid=999595581, States and territories established in the 960s, States and territories established in 1353, States and territories disestablished in 1795, 1350s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire, 1795 disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire, Articles containing Luxembourgish-language text, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Ermesinde et l'affranchissement de la ville de Luxembourg; Etudes sur la femme, le pouvoir et la ville au XIIIe siècle, sous la direction de Michel Margue, Publications du. Go to navigation Go to content. The Dutch king became, in personal union, the grand duke. [152], Unlike most countries in Europe, sport in Luxembourg is not concentrated upon a particular national sport, but encompasses a number of sports, both team and individual. Before the occupation of the French, the territory was part of the Duchy of Luxemburg and the Duchy of Bouillon. According to the 2012 Environmental Performance Index, Luxembourg is one of the world's best performers in environmental protection, ranking 4th out of 132 assessed countries. The region is sparsely populated, with only one town (Wiltz) with a population of more than four thousand people. [65] In 2020 the country was ranked second out of 180 countries[66] Luxembourg also ranks 6th among the top ten most livable cities in the world by Mercer's. It is also more diverse and can be divided into five geographic sub-regions. The territory of the former Duchy of Luxembourg is now divided between the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Belgian province of Luxembourg, the German Land of Rhineland-Palatinate and the French departments of Ardennes, Meuse and Moselle, the latter part being referred to as French Luxemburg [fr] since the 1659 Treaty of the Pyrenees. The Secretariat of the European Parliament is located in Luxembourg, but the Parliament usually meets in Brussels and sometimes in Strasbourg.[58]. [54], Legislative power is vested in the Chamber of Deputies, a unicameral legislature of sixty members, who are directly elected to five-year terms from four constituencies. S. Mahalingam has been appointed as the Honorary Consul of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg in Chennai with consular jurisdiction over Tamil Nadu and Kerala. [2] The historical region of Luxembourg belonged to the Roman province of Belgica Prima. [citation needed], The number of cars per 1000 persons amount to 680.1 in Luxembourg — higher than all but two states, namely the Principality of Monaco and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. [36], In the following centuries, Luxembourg's fortress was steadily enlarged and strengthened by its successive occupants, the Bourbons, Habsburgs, Hohenzollerns and the French. Le Luxembourg, en forme longue le Grand-Duché de Luxembourg [4], [b], [c] ou le grand-duché de Luxembourg [d], en luxembourgeois Lëtzebuerg Écouter et Groussherzogtum Lëtzebuerg, en allemand Luxemburg et Großherzogtum Luxemburg, est un pays d'Europe de l'Ouest sans accès à la mer [e]. [citation needed], In August 1914, Imperial Germany violated Luxembourg's neutrality in the war by invading it in the war against France. The ducal lands had been formed in 1353 by integration of the old County of Luxembourg, the marquisat of Arlon, the counties of Durbuy and Laroche, and the districts of Thionville, Bitburg, and Marville. Luxembourg shares borders with France, Germany, and Belgium. If you find her, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is paying $100. Luxembourg was liberated in September 1944, and became a founding member of the United Nations in 1945. Luxembourg is a developed country, with an advanced economy and one of the world's highest GDP (PPP) per capita. [28][29] The city of Luxembourg, which is the country's capital and largest city, is the seat of several institutions and agencies of the EU. [154] However, the large proportion of alcohol purchased by customers from neighboring countries contributes to the statistically high level of alcohol sales per capita; this level of alcohol sales is thus not representative of the actual alcohol consumption of the Luxembourg population. March 2020 signals free transport for all in Europe’s richest country – The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. In 1999 Luxembourg joined the Eurozone. that the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg should be divided between the two countries. Portuguese, the language of the largest immigrant community, is also spoken by large segments of the population, but by relatively few from outside the Portuguese-speaking community. the state of the drugs problem in the grand duchy of luxembourg edition 2012 crp-sante author : alain origer point focal luxembourgeois de l'o.e.d.t. [citation needed], In 1951, Luxembourg became one of the six founding countries of the European Coal and Steel Community, which in 1957 would become the European Economic Community and in 1993 the European Union. Due to its strategic position, Luxembourg was, from the 16th century until 1867, when its walls were dismantled, one of Europes greatest fortified sites. [49] In contrast to the First World War, under the German occupation of Luxembourg during World War II, the country was treated as German territory and informally annexed to the adjacent province of the Third Reich. [37] This arrangement was revised by the 1839 First Treaty of London, from which date Luxembourg's full independence is reckoned. The Duchy of Luxemburg (Dutch: Luxemburg; French: Luxembourg; German: Luxemburg; Luxembourgish: Lëtzebuerg) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire, the ancestral homeland of the noble House of Luxembourg. - Legilux", "Home | John E. 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According to the Treaty of Ribemont in 880, it had finally fallen to East Francia. [12] In 2019, Luxembourg had a population of 626,108, which makes it one of the least-populous countries in Europe,[13] but by far the one with the highest population growth rate. Its name, meaning "forests," comes from the Ardennes forests. Comment dire Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Anglais? With the abdication in 1555 of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V (also King of Spain Charles I), the Habsburg Netherlands passed to his son King Philip II of Spain. The territory of the former Duchy of Luxembourg is now divided between the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Belgian province of Luxembourg, the German Land of Rhineland-Palatinate and the French departments of Ardennes, Meuse and Moselle, the latter part being referred to as French Luxemburg since the 1659 Treaty of the Pyrenees. Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. 26% of the population are immigrants. It lost more than half of its territory to Belgium in 1839 but gained a larger measure of autonomy. [144], According to data from the World Health Organization, healthcare spending on behalf of the government of Luxembourg topped $4.1 Billion, amounting to about $8,182 for each citizen in the nation. By train, car or plane: numerous possibilities to get to Luxembourg. [134], Since 1980 it has been illegal for the government to collect statistics on religious beliefs or practices. The Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) is 549300SZSAEKTK56YV84. Here is a map of Luxembourg. [citation needed], Luxembourg cuisine reflects its position on the border between the Latin and Germanic worlds, being heavily influenced by the cuisines of neighboring France and Germany. After the decline of the steel industry in the 1970s, the country focused on establishing itself as a global financial centre and developed into the banking hub it is reputed for. The German-American consortium remains Luxembourg’s main vaccine supplier, with another 4,875 doses due to arrive on Monday. Uncertainty surrounding the future development of the current health crisis has prompted the organising committee of the Concours Mondial de Bruxelles to postpone the event originally slated to take place in Yinchuan (Ningxia) until 2022. Johan Christiaan Boogman: Nederland en de Duitse Bond 1815–1851. The government exercises executive power. Choisissez parmi des contenus premium Grand Duchy Of Luxembourg de la plus haute qualité. The cantons of Luxembourg as well as all communes and agglomerations exceeding 3,000 inhabitants. [16], The history of Luxembourg is considered to begin in 963, when count Siegfried acquired a rocky promontory and its Roman-era fortifications known as Lucilinburhuc, "little castle", and the surrounding area from the Imperial Abbey of St. Maximin in nearby Trier. The French-speaking part of the former duchy was allocated to Belgium. LuxembourgCard . Luxembourg's geography offers two principal regions: the Oesling, a part of the Ardennes massif, a hilly region with large mixed forests in the north, and the Gutland ("good country"), the … Notre catalogue : Restaurants grand duchy of luxembourg Government of Grand Duchy of Luxembourg : Accord entre l'Union européenne et le Royaume-Uni sur leurs relations futures. [156] Because of the strong multilingualism in Luxembourg, newspapers often alternate articles in French and articles in German, without translation. [147], Luxembourg has been overshadowed by the culture of its neighbours. In 963, Count Siegfried, probably a younger brother of Duke Frederick I, purchased some land from Abbot Wikerus of Saint Maximin's in Trier. [46], At the time of the Franco-Prussian war in 1870, despite allegations about French use of the Luxembourg railways for passing soldiers from Metz (then part of France) through the Duchy, and for forwarding provisions to Thionville, Luxembourg's neutrality was respected by Germany, and neither France nor Germany invaded the country. The address is Carré Bonn, 20 rue de la Poste, Luxembourg, Luxemburg, L-2346, Luxembourg Luxembourg, Du. Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is a legal entity registered with LEI implemented by Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF). A highly strategic position in the heart of Europe", "Telx Partners with German Hub Provider ancotel to Provide Virtual Connections between U.S. and Europe", "Globale Rechenzentren | Colocation mit niedrigen Latenzen für Finanzunternehmen, CDNs, Enterprises & Cloud-Netzwerke bei Equinix", "Ancotel – Telecommunication Operator References", "Networks Accessible in Frankfurt via the VMMR Solution offered by Telx/ancotel", "Luxembourg's politicians pin economic hopes on fintech drive", "Luxembourg as a Centre for Online and ICT Business (pdf)", "Invest, Innovate, Export | Luxembourg as a smart location for business", "LuxConnect ICT campus Bettembourg DC 1.1", "LuxConnect ICT campus Bissen/Roost DC 2", "New data center study: Luxembourg in pole position", "Soluxions magazine: Luxembourg en pole position", "International migrant stock: The 2017 revision", "Luxembourg Presidency – Being a Luxembourger", "Population par sexe et par nationalité (x 1 000) 1981, 1991, 2001–2013", "La progression de la population du Grand-Duché continue: 537 039 résidants au 1er janvier 2013. +352 26 20 28 28 _ infos home facebook instagram infos home facebook instagram _ [150][151] The pavilion was based on the transliteration of the word Luxembourg into Chinese, "Lu Sen Bao", which means "Forest and Fortress". [28][29], The steel industry exploiting the Red Lands' rich iron-ore grounds in the beginning of the 20th century drove the country's industrialisation. The Luxembourgish army is mostly based in its casern, the Centre militaire Caserne Grand-Duc Jean on the Härebierg in Diekirch.The general staff is based in the capital, the État-Major. What are synonyms for Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg? [citation needed], Luxembourg was the first city to be named European Capital of Culture twice. The likely authorisation of a third vaccine – Oxford/AstraZeneca – by the end of January will give Luxembourg … The chief towns are Arlon Arlon, Du. Site officiel de la Cour grand-ducale Site officiel de la famille grand-ducale luxembourgeoise, le rôle de Chef de l'Etat du Grand-Duc. In fact, there doesn’t seem to be a single person yet who has definitely cracked it. 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With its high quality of life, its unspoiled nature and its flourishing economy, Luxembourg is a place where life is good. ", "Eurostat – Tables, Graphs and Maps Interface (TGM) table", "Country comparison :: POPULATION growth rate", "City of Luxembourg: its Old Quarters and Fortifications", "European Union | Definition, Purpose, History, & Members", Timeline: Luxembourg – A chronology of key events, "Luxembourg | national capital, Luxembourg", "Asselborn's final Security Council meeting", "Global Ranking – Visa Restriction Index 2020", "Emperor Charles IV elected Greatest Czech of all time", "History of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg", "The invasion of Belgium, The Netherlands and Luxembourg", "Democracy Index 2016 - The Economist Intelligence Unit", "The Luxembourgish government since 1848 (in French)", "Carte des communes – Luxembourg.lu – Cartes du Luxembourg", "The European institutions in Luxembourg", "A400M Loadmaster, Future Large Aircraft – FLA, Avion de Transport Futur – ATF", "2012 EPI :: Rankings – Environmental Performance Index", "WHAT IS THE GREENEST COUNTRY IN THE WORLD? 17 January find a brief summary of the Frankish Empire Royaume-Uni sur leurs relations futures was adopted 17... 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