Which election is a measure on: Next general election or a special election if ordered by the legislature (RCWA Const. Secretary of state submits to Legislative Services Division for review, after which the final text of the measure and ballot statements must be resubmitted to secretary of state. Art. Const. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Prior to receiving a contribution or making an expenditure, a campaign must designate a treasurer by filing with the secretary of state (ORC 3517.10(D)). 168.544c). What is on each petition: The full text of the measure, match secretary of states template, be the correct color and state if the circulator is paid (O.R.S. III, 3, Const. Verification: The secretary of state may use any statistical sampling techniques for this verification and canvass which have been adopted by rule as provided by chapter 34.05 RCW (RCWA 29A.72.230). Geographic distribution: 3% of total votes cast for the office of governor from at least 15 counties (Const. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Sponsor signs affidavit, and circulators sign oath (RCWA 29A.72.010; 29A.72.120). Verification: Random sampling (CRS 1-40-116). Fiscal review: If the measure will have an effect on revenue, expenditures or the fiscal liability of the state, the attorney general orders the budget director to prepare one (MCA 13-27-312). Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: For the purposes of the second paragraph of Const. 11 3), Who can sign the petition: Registered voter in the county in which the petition circulates (F.S.A. Other subject restrictions: Amendments that propose a tax or fee not in place in November 1994 require a two-thirds vote to pass (F.S.A. 14, 10). The attorney general may approve the title or revise as necessary to comply with the law (34 OS 8(H) and 9). Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Must be filed at least six months before the election it is to be voted on (V.A.M.S. Const. For indirect statutory initiatives, 3 % of the votes cast for governor in the last election to submit to the legislator. Direct primaries. *While the Colorado residency requirement for circulators was struck down in Independence Institute v. Gessler, the court upheld the requirement that a circulator present to the notary a specific type of identification. 14, 3), Majority to pass: Three-fifths of those voting on the amendment itself or a majority of those voting in the election (ILCS Const. Repeal or change restrictions: None (Const. LXXXI, 4). 21 1, Colorado: C.R.S.A. Collected in-person: Yes (Elec. Code 82013, 84101, 84107, 84200, 84200.8, 84202.3 and Elec. Art. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: The submission of a petition suspends the operation of any act except emergency measures and appropriation measures for the support and maintenance of state departments and institutions (Const. Reports are monthly during election years and annually in nonelection years. Const. Const. 2, Sec. Then, select a topic from the column at the left for comprehensive information or select a state in the map for state-specific information. What is on each petition: Must contain attorney generals unique numeric identifier, title, summary and the proposed measures full text, and follow the form found in the code (Cal.Elec.Code 9008, 9009, 9012). 19, 1 and NRS 293.127563). Public review or notice: Any voter or group on or before July 20 may file an argument of 500 words or less. Collected in-person: Yes (O.R.C. Timeline for taking effect: Thirty days after governor proclaims election results, which happens within 10 days after the vote has been canvassed and determined. 5, 1). 23-17-17). Circulator requirements: Paid circulators must register with the secretary of state and complete training. In Arkansas and Maryland, the application is filed with the state election board. 250.105). Amend. IV, 1). If the people are dissatisfied with and want to change the actions of government, or if the government wants to get public approval for a given policy, these three devices are available. 5, 1; C.R.S.A. 14, 3), Who can sign the petition: Registered Illinois voters (ILCS Const. Who creates petitions: Sponsors (CRS 1-40-105). If it passes, it becomes law. Art. Washington: equal to one-third (Const. General review of petition: Reviewed by attorney general and Ohio ballot board, which also writes pro or con statements if not supplied (OH Const. Art. Disclosure of advertisements is required. Must file a statement of formation as a political action committee within 10 days of formation. Art. Which election: General election (SDCL 2-1-17). Number of signatures required: 5% of total votes cast for all candidates for governor in the last general election (Const. 3, 50; V.A.M.S. Three% of votes cast for governor at preceding biennial state election to submit to the legislature. Art. 22-24-414). What is on each petition: Form of the petition is prescribed by the State Board of Elections. Art. Withdrawal process of individual signature: The person must file a sworn statement with the secretary of state any time before the petition is filed (V.A.M.S. 3, 52(g) and Wyo. For constitutional amendments, signatures must be gathered from 10% of qualified electors in each of two-fifths (40) of the state's 100 legislative districts. Art. Art. Art. There are critics that disapprove of . Application process information: A prospective petition must be filed with the secretary of state. III, 4). 34, 1, Const. Verification: County officials check that each signatory is a registered elector of the county. Art. Code 23-17-37), Thirty-five percent in Nebraska (Ne.Rev.St. Registration is made on a form prescribed by the secretary of state and includes the ballot question or title of the measure for which the organizer will receive compensation, contact information, the name and signature of a designated agent and a list of the names of all people hired to circulate petitions and the manner in which they are compensated (21-A MRS 903-C). 48, Init., Pt. 5, 1; M.G.L.A. Withdrawal of petition: Anytime more than 70 days before the election, a majority of the committee members may withdraw the petition by writing to the secretary of state (O.R.C. Art. For constitutional amendment initiatives, 4 % of the resident population (NDCC Const. III, 4; Neb. V, 3). For amendments, must be submitted for verification by the third Tuesday in June of the general election year. Governor may call a special statewide election for the measure. Art. 21. Next state election, if 60 days intervene between the date when such petition is filed and the date for holding such state election; if that is less than 60 days, then the law must be submitted to the people at the next state election, unless it is repealed before then. Art. 5, 2; Constitution 48, Init., Pt. Signatures must be submitted no later than 18 months after the petition form was furnished by the secretary of state, and each signature is only valid for one year. Proponent organization and requirements: Application must contain the names and addresses of at least five sponsors, certification that each sponsor is a registered voter in Utah and has voted in a regular general election in the last three years, the notarized signature of each sponsor and a copy of the law (Utah Code 20A-7-302). 12, 2). Prepared by sponsor, approved by secretary of state. Const. Art. Ballot title and summary: Proponent and approved by the attorney general, is the title for both the petition and ballot. Art. Conflicting measures: If neither receives a majority, the one receiving more votes will be resubmitted to the next general election by itself if it received at least one-third of the total votes cast for or against the two measures. 12, 2). Art. 19-121.01). Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: There must be at least 31 days after the measure qualifies before the election (Const. Art II, 9). Art. Art. The legislature may amend before two years with a two-thirds majority vote in both chambers, and no amendatory law adopted in accordance with this provision shall be subject to referendum (RCWA Const. Monthly reports are due on the 10th for any preceding month in which total contributions received or total expenditures made exceed $200. II, 1c and 1g). Art. Who can sign the petition: Qualified registered voters (Wyo. What is on each petition: Petition must include title of the act, and if only a portion of the act is sought to be referred, the number of the section or sections or portion of sections of the act designating such portion (Const. Recall. Art. 250.045; 250.048). Who creates petitions: A voter must print the petitions in the form approved by the secretary of state (21-A MRS 901). S. So as a whole, the free-response section accounts for half your total AP Gov score (the other 50% comes from the multiple-choice section). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Must file a statement of organization as a political committee within two weeks of organizing or within two weeks of the date the first contribution or expenditure is expected (RCW 42.17A.205). 1-40-116). 250.065), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Four months prior to the general election (OR CONST Art. 295.009). Laws 168.471. Petition title and summary creation: The title of the bill being referred is included on the petition (34 OS 1). Geographic distribution: From at least 15 of the 29 senate districts, signatures equal to 8% of the number of active voters in the county on January 1 following the last regular general election (Utah Code 20A-7-301(1)). Who creates petitions: The proponents (Miss. Code 84101). Number of signatures required: 5% of the number of votes cast for all candidates for governor in the last general election (Const. Art. Indirect initiatives can require two rounds of signature gathering, so timelines and deadlines for these are more complex. III, 52(a) and 53). Art. Verification: Random sampling of at least 5 % of signatures implemented by secretary of state. Single subject rule: Yes (N.R.S. Paying per signature was held unconstitutional (Miss. 48, Pt. The obligatory referendum was first adopted by the canton of rural Basel in 1863. If a person is recalled they are put back through an election. 250.048; OR CONST Art. 3, 5; NDCC, 16.1-01-09. CONST. II, 1g and O.R.C. Where to file with: Attorney general and secretary of the commonwealth once approved (M.G.L.A. 53 7). Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (NDCC Const. 1953 20A-7-201). If both are approved, the one receiving the greatest number of affirmative votes prevails (34 Okl.St.Ann. Withdrawal process of individual signature: After the petitions are submitted for signature verification, individual signatures may not be removed (ORS 250.025). A petition for direct initiative that is approved by the secretary of state and submitted to the legislature must be afforded a public hearing conducted by the joint standing committee that has jurisdiction over the subject matter. Const. III, 3 and NDCC 16.1-01-09(3)). Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (ORS 250.045(10)). II, 1(b) and RCW 29A.72.150, 4% of the votes cast for the office of governor at the last election, 15% of the total ballots cast in the previous general election. The device was first adopted in the United States in 1903 as a part of the Los Angeles city charter. XLVII , Pt. For indirect initiative states, this review process involves the legislature and can be quite extensive. III, 5(1) and MCA 13-27-202, Const. Art. Must include the names, addresses and signatures of at least 25 electors as sponsors and the full text of the measure (Const. Art. (OH Const. Who can sign the petition: Qualified electors (Const. Art. Art. The legislature has four months to pass the bill in amended or unchanged form. Art. A statement must be filed by a ballot issue committee supporting or opposing a measure not more than 35 days after the petition is filed. 4, 2; Constitution 48, Init., Pt. It has sometimes been abused by groups . V, 2). Both the initiative and the referendum originated in Switzerland in the first half of the 19th century. Art. After chance for comment by all legislators, the legislative council prepares an impartial analysis with description, background information and likely effects (A.R.S. Attorney general after receiving written comments from Legislative Research Council, U.C.A. Art. If petitions are insufficient, sponsors may circulate and file a supplementary petition within 10 days of the date that notice was given if 90 days have not expired after the adjournment of the legislative session at which the act was passed. XI, 6 and AS 15.45.440). Contributions in excess of $1,000 from a single contributor received during the 21 days prior to the election must be reported (RCW 42.17A.265). 48), South Dakota (Const. Law 6-204). Paid per signature: No ban, but must state employer if paid (O.R.C. Art. 3599.03). Art. 3, 18). 3517.01, .08, .10, .11, 12, .13, .20, .092, .093, .102, .105; O.H.R. 3, 1; Constitution 48, Init., Pt. Proponent organization and requirements: One designee will serve for official notices and statement of organization (V.A.M.S. Art. Several states have or had statutory bans on paying circulators either per signature or in general. Art. Art. 7-9-404; 405; 406; 407; 408; 409). After translating an article, all tools except font up/font down will be disabled. Six states prohibit sponsors from paying circulators on a per-signature basis. 8). Art. Art. 19, 2). 1953 20A-7-202). 1953 20A-7-202). It may be placed on a ballot and legislature has the right to place an opposing proposal on the ballot if they choose that they Summary of initiative, referendum and recall processes. Const. 295.009; 294A.150; 294A.220, North Dakota: NDCC, 16.1-08.1-02.4; 16.1-08.1-03.1; 16.1-08.1-03.2, Ohio: O.R.C. Art. St. 32-1407; 32-401), Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (Neb. Ballot title and summary: Lieutenant governor forwards petitions that are qualified for the ballot to the Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel, who drafts an impartial title of not more than 100 words summarizing the contents of the proposal. Art. Art. Resource Initiative and Referendum Overview and Resources Quick Facts Initiative & Referendum Institute Question 3. Legislature or other government official review: Since the process is an indirect initiative, the legislature has four months to adopt the unchanged constitutional initiative by a majority in each house before the secretary of state submits it to the people. Wyoming: Upon request, the legislative service office or any agency in the executive department shall render assistance in reviewing and preparing comments on the proposed bill. Timeline for taking effect: On and after the 30th day after it the initiative was approved by voters unless otherwise specified (RCWA Const. Art. 14, 3, 10 ILCS 5/28-2, Massachusetts: M.G.L.A. Art. II, 1c). Amend. Code Ann. Public review or notice: Secretary of state publicizes the measure in newspapers in every county and prepares a pamphlet that is mailed to every mailing address in the state (5 ILCS 20/2). 5, 1). Groups must file reports detailing contributions received in excess of $100 in the aggregate and all contributions and expenditures made by the group (AS 15.13.040(b)). Final deadline is not less than 120 days before the next general election. Constitution 48, Pt. Art. Const. 19, 2), Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state, in consultation with the attorney general (N.R.S. 1(9) and A.R.S. 19, 1). (NDCC Const. 48, Pt. Art. Either way, the measure is put before the people (MS Const. Geographic distribution: 6% of the qualified electors at the time of the last general election in at least 18 legislative districts (IC 34-1805). Timeline for taking effect: Upon approval by the voters (Const. 23-17-1), Proponent organization and requirements: Statement of organization if operating financially (Miss. Code 9604). 3, 4; Art. These states require that in addition to receiving a majority of the votes cast on the measure, those votes must be equal to or more than a specified percentage of the total votes cast in the election. 4, ; Const. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to that proponent or opponent groups for a ballot proposition are considered political issue committees unless they meet certain criteria such as not expending more than $5,000, and political issue committees register and report financially (U.C.A. 21 1 and A.R.S. Arizona. Art. 1-40-106; 1-40-107; 1-40-108. In the United States, during the 1982 congressional elections, there were successful, nonbinding plebiscites in several states and municipalities on the issue of a nuclear weapon freeze. A post-election report is due by Jan. 7. Art. Art. The secretary shall direct whether this is conducted by random sampling or by verification of each signature (Mo.Rev.Stat. Art. 5, 1). XI, 3). 19-124). Art. 1953 20A-7-205). Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state (Const. The following 11 states use a statistical sampling method to determine if petitions have enough valid signatures: Eleven of the popular referendum states specify a procedure by which a person may withdraw their signature from a petition. Art. Proponent organization and requirements: At most, three people are designated as the chief petitioners and state whether circulators will be paid or not (O.R.S. Art. III, 3). Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Submission deadline three months and three weeks prior to election (C.R.S.A. Timeline for collecting signatures: Two years (Neb.Rev.St. 3, 52(f)). Reports of contributions and expenditures are due on the 12th day before an election, the 38th day after an election and the last business day of January and July of every year. Art. Reports of State Question Communications are required if aggregate expenses for a communication made at least 15 days before the election equal to exceed $5,000. 21 1). 3, 4; Art. Number of signatures required: For statutory initiatives, 6 % of the total votes cast for all candidates for governor in last general election. Prepared by attorney general, department of finance and the legislative analyst office. OK Const. Sponsors submit full petition to title board for review (CRS 1-40-105). Cannot have been found guilty of a criminal felony or a violation of election laws, fraud, forgery or identification theft, Cannot have been convicted of or pled guilty to crimes involving forgery. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes, and must be notarized (C.R.S. Const. Collectors must file signatures within 316 days after the day on which the application is filed, within 30 days after the day on which the first individual signs the inititative packetor the April15 immediately before the next regular general election immediately after the application is filed. Skip over the Blank Pages below! If the petitions were filed at least 165 days before the election and the submission deadline has not passed, and the signatures are deemed insufficient, petitioners may submit more signatures. Petitions must be filed within 90 days after the adjournment of the legislative session at which the act was passed. 1953 20A-7-208; 20A-7-702). Art. Const. Art. 3, 50; V.A.M.S. IV, pt. VI, Subpt. 2, 3), Who creates petitions: Secretary of state (M.G.L.A. 4; Art. Art. For statutory initiatives, 6% of total votes cast for all candidates for governor in last general election. 12, 2. Where to file: Secretary of state (Const. 2, 1), Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (RCWA 29A.72.050), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: No additional statute. Art. Where to file: Secretary of state (Const. 5, 1). 5, 1). Other subject restrictions: Measure provisions cannot be dependent upon meeting certain vote %age. Out-of-state committees that make expenditures supporting or opposing ballot propositions in Washington are required to file reports. The other 19 states limit the subject matter of laws that the popular referendum can address. 19-102), Who creates petitions: Secretary of state (A.R.S. Petitions must be submitted not more than 90 days after the final adjournment of the session of the general assembly that passed the bill on which the referendum is demanded. Number of signatures required: 5% of the total vote cast for governor at the last election (Const. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: Not specified. Art. A.R.S. 116.030). Blockbuster : Anglais 2de : B1 : Livre Du Professeur [PDF] [3nasiiseutbg] Const. Verification: The secretary of state shall by rule designate a statistical sampling technique to verify whether a petition contains the required number of signatures (ORS 250.105). 100.371). States with popular referendums (23): Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington Wyoming. For indirect statutory initiatives, roughly 11 months and two weeks (N.R.S. 295.0575), Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (N.R.S. Art. For direct measures, four months from the election (RCWA 29A.72.030). The chief petitioners may withdraw at any time before submitting the total number of signatures for verification. 1953 20A-11-101; 20A-11-801; 20A-11-802; 20A-11-803, Washington: RCWA 42.17A.005; 42.17A; 42.17A.205, Wyoming: W.S.1977 22-1-102; 22-24-201; 22-24-306, California: Cal.Elec.Code 9008, 9009, 9012, Florida: F.S.A. Ark. 22-24-410). Must file monthly financial reports with Ethics Commission (A.C.A. Art. Must also file with the secretary of state not less than four months before the election at which they are to be voted on (I.C. Who creates petitions: Petitioners, approved by secretary of state and attorney general (I.C. Timeline for taking effect: Thirty days after the election at which it was approved (Const. If a referendum is filed against an emergency measure, it remains in effect until it is voted on by the people (Const. Who creates petitions: Petition filed by proponents is certified by attorney general, ballot board, and secretary of state (O.R.C. Legislature reviews the measure as submitted to it by the proponents. 1953 20A-7-702; 20A-7-204.1; 20A-7-701-706, Washington: RCWA 29A.32.010; 29A.32.031; 29A.32.040; 29A.32.070; 29A.32.080, Arkansas (Arkansas Const. All 23 popular referendum states require a simple majority to pass a popular referendum. Under the constitution, an act takes effect 90 days after it is enacted. Art. A statement must be filed by a ballot issue committee supporting or opposing a measure not more than 35 days after the petition is filed (MCL 169.234). V, 1(3)). 168.32). Stat. Art. Art. Petition title and summary creation: Attorney general (ORS 250.065(4)). 54 53). The same ballot title and popular name that appeared on petitions (drafted by sponsors) is submitted by the secretary of state to the board of canvassers for certification. c. representative democracy. 1953 20A-7-202; U.C.A. III, 2). Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state drafts title (21-A MRS 905-A and 906). II, 1g; Art. Art. Petition title and summary creation: The statement of purpose and implication, which is prepared by the proponent and approved by the attorney general, is the title for both the petition and ballot. Number of signatures required: 6% of the qualified electors at the time of the last general election (IC 34-1805). A statewide special election may be called for amendments. Const. XLVII, Pt. Proponents write title. Who can sign the petition: Qualified registered voter (W.S.1977 22-24-313). 116.332). Conflicting measures: The amendment which receives the greatest number of affirmative votes shall be paramount in all particulars as to which there is conflict even though such amendment may not have received the greater majority of affirmative votes (Neb. A statement of 100 words or less by secretary of administration and finance regarding fiscal consequences of the measure. If they fail, they may be submitted directly to a vote by the public, who may override the action of the legislature. 1-40-102, 1-40-105, 1-40-106, Florida: F.S.A. Legislature or other government official review: The chief petitioner may amend the initiative without having to re-submit if the attorney general reviews the changes and certifies that it does not change it substantially (O.R.S. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (AS 15.45.360). Application process information: A sample sheet is submitted to the secretary of state before petitions may be circulated. Art. 5, 1). $100; refunded if application is properly filed, Const. Art. Reports of contributions and expenditures of $500 or more must be made within 2 days between the 25th day of the month before an election and the day of the election (MCA 13-37-226). Must include the title and effective date of the referred law, the date of the general election at which it is to be referred. 3519.16). Who can sign the petition: Qualified electors of the state (34 OS 23). Full and correct copy of title and text must be printed on petitions (NRS 32-1403). 3501.38). Art. 1-40-134). What is on each petition: Must follow prescribed form and include the provisions for identification of the measure, space for the printed name, space for the signature, address of the committee member, notarization of the signature and affidavit (NDCC, 16.1-01-07; 16.1-01-09). Ballot title and summary: The same title drafted by the title board in the pre-qualification stage is used on the ballot (CRS 1-40-106); there is not a summary on the ballot (CRS 1-40-115). 168.22e; 168.476; 168.477; 168.480). Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (V.A.M.S. 5, 1). . Art. Ballot measure committees must file pre-primary, pre-general, year-end and, if applicable, supplemental reports in even-numbered years. 3, 50 and V.A.M.S. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (IC 34-1807). Subject restrictions: Cannot be used on laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety, and appropriations for the support and maintenance of the departments of state and state institutions (Const. Const. initiative referendum and recall are examples of quizlet . Art. Types allowed: Indirect initiative for statutes, direct initiative for constitutional amendments and popular referendum. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: No additional other than deadlines, Majority to pass: Yes (MT CONST Art. The secretary of state then refers both to the attorney general, who determines the legal sufficiency of the issue, approves the petitioner's ballot statements and determines whether a fiscal note is necessary. Art. Petitions carried by paid circulators must be filed on a monthly basis. Public reviews for 30 days and provides comments to the proponent. Rule 2.79; Oklahoma Ethics Commission's Guide for Political Action Committees). Must be projected to be at least 95 % accurate (10 ILCS 5/28-11, 5/28-12, 5/28-13). 5, 1; A.C.A. Art. II, 1b). Timeline for collecting signatures: Petitions carried by paid circulators must be filed on a monthly basis (ORS 250.105). The legislature has the option to enact, defeat or amend the measure. Payment on a per-signature basis prohibited. Which election is a measure on: General election (SDCL 2-1-17). 1953 20A-7-206). Same must also be reported quarterly on April 15, July 15, Oct. 15, and Jan. 15 (NRS 294A.220). (RCW 29A.72.230). 34, 25, Next statewide election unless a special election is called by the legislature or the governor for the express purpose of considering a referendum, Regular election unless otherwise ordered by the legislative assembly, Next regular general election or a special election called by the lieutenant governor, Const. Each state has a unique way of handling the timeline and deadline for signature gathering. Stat. All campaign finance activity must be conducted through a campaign finance entity. 3, 1; SDCL 2-1-6). II, 1(d)). Prepared by joint legislative budget committee staff.