Cookies at au.dk ), these examples demonstrate how language does not just explain but helps generate meanings and bring new energy to familiar entities. The word "translation" can be defined as: An individual or a computer program that renders a text into another language is called a translator. We can all, Im sure, think of multiple terms to describe human excrement and if they dont come to mind, do ask your nearest 5-6 year olds and youll have a full list in no time but in his exploration of the language of landscape, nature writer Robert MacFarlane unearthed a surprising number of forgotten English terms for animal dung. What is Intralingual example? Two features differ significantly from all the other intralingual translations, including the other Bible for children, namely firstly the fact that the structure of the text has been changed radically and does not follow the traditional structure (restructuring of the order of information is also seen in the family Bible from 1973, but in this version for very small children the restructuring is much more radical) and secondly that quite a number of content omissions have been made. The parameter of time is of course related to the parameters of culture and knowledge, but in this case it is the diachronic factor which results in the lack of knowledge or cultural understanding; this is the reason for the new authorised version from 1992, for example, and is an important element in the everyday version (even in cases where a reader is able to read and understand the old authorised version from 1948, it will take him less time to process the everyday version). As argued above, these activities share family resemblances with translation proper, but is it possible to get closer to a more detailed account of their general characteristics? Routledge, 1995), "Here, then, is the full process of translation. However, I have never seen a detailed, empirically-based attempt to describe the general characteristics of intralingual translation and the strategies employed or compare it with interlingual translation. Nordquist, Richard. Nordquist, Richard. He finishes it, with misgivings. It is this basic message which is intralingually translated into new versions, irrespective of the element (small or great) of interlingual translation intralingual translation is crucial in each new version. It was very uncomfortable for them to travel as Maria was soon to give birth; but of course those in power do not ask about such things. . Learn more about how FutureLearn is transforming access to education. The above constitutes a description of translation which, though not as broad as Steiners all-embracing hermeneutic approach, still sees the phenomenon of translation as much more fundamental to human communication than more traditional translation studies definitions. Here the source text can be described in words and then translated into an image or visual narrative that may release a similar message as the original words while also creating new meanings and associations. Munday argues that intralingual translation is used to achieve an easier reading for children. The content has remained constant both denotatively and connotatively. We use cookies to improve your website experience. It cannot be entirely ruled out that intralingual translation in some instances may go from simple to more complex. If we accept that translation can only be accounted for in a meaningful way if we treat it as a cluster concept, it does not make sense to attempt a too finite description. The problem of synonymy in interlingual translation (how to establish the meaning of and choose between synonyms, whether to make use of loan words or calques, etc.) Place: 1411, But here the barrier or distance between source and receptor is time. For a number of years I have carried out research within medical expert-to-layman communication (in addition to my work within translation proper) and as a translation scholar been intrigued by the many similarities between interlingual and intralingual translation. Seidelin, Anna Sophie (1973): Hjemmenes Billedbibel (A family picture Bible from 1973). I do believe, however, that they point in the right direction, but we need much more empirically-based research to provide a thorough and comprehensive description of intralingual translation and of the similarities and differences between intralingual and interlingual translation. The subjective comments in the above examples reflect a political/feminist agenda from the 1970s. While the average reader is aware that the two varieties of English exist, s/he is usually less aware of the fact that an edition of a British novel purchased on the other side of the Atlantic will have often . Unlike translation proper, intralingual translation is a rewriting or paraphrasing within the same language system. Translation studies is engaged in the academic study of translation and it is therefore common that works on translation devote chapters or paragraphs to a definition of translation as a concept. In theory, translation studies does not exclude intralingual translation, but de facto empirical studies or discussions on the subject of intralingual translation are few and far between. USA: Sesam. The text has been extended to 158 words though this includes verse 1 because of the restructuring. An example could be a student who is asked to rewrite an essay and make it more formal, more academic. In one instance, the newer version replaces a modern-sounding expression Gik hen (went up to) with an older one, namely Drog hen, but probably because Drog hen is the more semantically correct expression. Modernity confirms the promise of scientific reason to unmask irrational forces and point to the way to necessary social change. (Alan Swingewood,Citation1998:140) Besides other functions, intralingual translation was used for constructing a nations vernacular. In this article, Dr C. Marinetti discusses translation within the same language and between sign systems, and the creative function of translation. Translation (whether interlingual, intralingual or intersemiotic) is seen as part of the semiotic concept of transfer and special focus is on transfer from one culture to another. .." (Lawrence Venuti, The Translator's Invisibility: A History of Translation. The problem of translation is to retreat to a simpler tenor of one's own style and creatively adjust this to one's author." Examples Intralingual translation occurs when we produce a summary or otherwise rewrite a text in same language, say a children's version of an encyclopedia. Intralingual translation: example of the model Leichte Sprache Glosbe Usosweb Research This particularly concerns extensions into adaptation studies, intralingual translation , translation between semiotic systems (image to text to music, for example), and translation as the form of all interpretation and thus of all understanding, as suggested . What is Intersemiotic Translation? Og det skete, medens de var der, kom tiden, da hun skulle fde. Are the strategies applied in intralingual translation different from those applied in interlingual translation? What is transliteration example? ThoughtCo, Aug. 28, 2020, thoughtco.com/translation-language-1692560. Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below: If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. The picture Bible for very small children from 1991 is naturally very different from the 1948 authorised version, but in many ways resembles the family Bible for children from 1973 as regards explanations, explicitations, lexical and syntactical simplification, the addition of pictures as well as textual additions to enhance childrens comprehension of and interest in the text (with one exception though: all additions are factual, i.e., objective). Intralingual definition: (linguistics, translation studies) Contained within the same language ; involving a monolingual process. Here the source text can be described in words and then 'translated' into an image or visual narrative that may release a similar message as the original words while also creating new meanings and associations. lingual translation. The analyses suggest that intralingual translation is generally motivated by one or more of the key parameters; knowledge, time, culture, and space. The aim is to get the target group to accept the text as of contemporary relevance and to reduce the time spent reading and understanding the text. In order to simplify, the text may also be heavily paraphrased or restructured. Archive 2007-07-01. Intralingual translation Qubecois - French SL = TL Malay - Indonesian SW = TW Scriptural translation Transliteration Transcription . We believe learning should be an enjoyable, social experience, so our courses offer the opportunity to discuss what youre learning with others as you go, helping you make fresh discoveries and form new ideas. The Bible as a source text is a complicated matter though because of the interlingual translation which is also involved. Novices (second-semester MA students of specialized translation or journalism ), Experienced text producers (at least five years of experience), Intralingual vs. Interlingual translaiton. They are defined by their oppositions to and similarities to multiple other words--in other words, the cultural backdrop." What they offer is a description of the fundamental activity of translation, but a description which relies on open concepts and which is therefore able and willing to include a whole range of examples, from the prototypical to the peripheral, depending on the distance in question from the prototypical definition of the concepts involved. The facts that Maria was with child and that the child was her firstborn have been left out. Scholars have listed a range of situations in which intralingual translation facilitates communication, for example, reformulating a legal document in plain language for a lay readership, new. the text to be translated is transformed into an interlingua, i.e., an abstract language-independent representation. The purpose of this study is to help provide insights into this area of translation studies by studying the way scientific texts are adapted to popular texts. Un article de la revue Meta (Volume 54, numro 4, dcembre 2009, p. 643-890) diffuse par la plateforme rudit. I think it is possible to describe translation (and not finitely define it) by means of Jakobsons three dimensions in combination with Tourys more specific description of a source text and a transfer. The novel had been neglected by the major scholars for a couple of decades until it was discovered by Lu Xun () and Hu Shi(). However, it is suggested that the de facto degree of freedom is larger in intralingual translation than in most instances of translation proper. Steiner was particularly interested in intralingual translation which was diachronically motivated: The schematic model of translation is one in which a message from a source-language passes into a receptor-language via a transformational process. Learn new skills with a flexible online course, Upskill with a series of specialist courses, Earn professional or academic accreditation, Study flexibly online as you build to a degree. Words are untranslateable because [they] do not exist in a flat, alphabetised dictionary style list, but rather in a richly structured taxonomy of meaning. But our tongue lacks the economy of information packaging found in Tofa, a nearly extinct tongue I studied in Siberia. The omissions, additions, restructuring, etc. Localisation is now a huge industry which does of course often involve translation proper, but in many cases localisation also takes place intralingually, the aim being to produce different cultural versions of the same text within the same language. As already pointed out, all strategies found in the intralingual versions are well-known within interlingual translation, but not necessarily with the aim of simplification and not to the extent seen in intralingual translation. We encounter it everyday, when we speak to our children and explain simple words (e.g. Arguing against the classical theory of categorisation, which involves shared properties as conditions for category membership, strictly objective conditions for category membership and clear boundaries between categories, i.e., no borderline cases (in logic the specification of necessary and/or sufficient conditions is used to determine category membership, to provide precise definitions), Wittgenstein introduced the very pragmatic and empirically-based (that is, not on formal logic) open concept of family resemblances (also called the cluster concept) and argued that this is what unites the category of game, for instance (Wittgenstein 1953/1958: section 66-67). intralingual translation or rewording is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs of the same language; interlingual translation or translation proper is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language; In spite of the highly influential texts of Jakobson and Steiner and in spite of their claim of close affinity between interlingual and intralingual translation, translation studies often excludes intralingual translation either deliberately or de facto. Tofa equips reindeer herders with words like 'chary' with the above meaning. When we translate, we are not just describing an object or activity with different words and carrying across its meaning, we are creating new understandings of it (for example, that hare excrement crottle is different from horse dung doofers) and providing different perspectives through which to view it (that dung can be liquid ujller but also vary in size turdstool). Intralingual translation or rewriting, according to Roman Jakobson, is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs of the same languages. In this approach, the source language, i.e. The translation may be purely intralingual and solely rely on a former version in the same language or the source text may consist of both a former version and the original text (as is the case with the 1948 and 1992 authorised versions, for instance), thus involving intralingual as well as interlingual translation[12]. However, despite Jakobsons classical definition, intralingual translation or rewording is extremely peripheral to translation studies, more so than it deserves, and the relationship between interlingual and intralingual translation is a neglected area of research, as is a thorough description of intralingual translation; it is next to impossible to find any relevant literature. Many translation scholars rely on Jakobsons three kinds of translation for their definitions of what constitutes translation, but de facto they mostly focus exclusively on Jakobsons concept of interlingual translation. The New Testament in everyday Danish from 1985/2002 (the five verses analysed are exactly the same in both editions) resembles the authorised version from 1948 (and the one from 1992) in both length and content. How to Use Pull Quotes to Add Visual Flare to Articles, How to Use Google Translate to Teach English, Body Language in the Communication Process, What Is Parsing? As we have seen, it may take the form of considerable reduction of the text by leaving out what is deemed to be superfluous information in order to make the processing of the text easier. The denotative content of the text remains the same as in the 1948 edition. All in all, the changes made centre around the level of background knowledge (cultural as well as factual) and ability of comprehension of the target group. BibTeX, JabRef, Mendeley, Zotero, Intralingual Translation: An Attempt at Description, Volume 54, Number 4, dcembre 2009, pp. Modern high-tech society with its international cooperation and intercultural communication in business as well as in political and cultural life has led to demands for many different kinds of translation or translation-like activities which often exceed the boundaries of what translation theory traditionally terms translation proper. Ny Testamente p hverdagsdansk (1985/2002): (The New Testament in everyday Danish.) It has been used and practiced in the construction of Chinese Baihua (modern vernacular) and promoted Chinas new literary movement in the early 20th century. Even on the basis of a hermeneutic approach it still makes sense to try to delimit the field of translation studies, the question is in which way? Throughout the article the discussion will rely on an open definition of translation which reflects the many-faceted nature of the activity. These are all belonging to different British dialects, most are archaic and no longer in use, but they all display different shades of meaning that make them unique: Besides making for interesting conversation starters (perhaps not over dinner though! De skulle snart giftes. This relationship can take many forms and by no means rests on the concept of equivalence, but rather on the skopos of the target text. Consider this parodic intralingual translation by Alistair . It can be seen that instead of the word "play", English has specific words . A good sample is Bangqing Hans Sing-song Girls of Shanghai. Maria and Joseph gave him the name Jesus, just as the angel had told them to. . On the basis of the case study and assisted by introspection and the more or less stray sentences of the literature referred to above, the main factors that seem to be influential in intralingual translation (and at the same time, the very reasons for the existence of intralingual translation) have been examined. Also Schffner points out that translational reality exceeds interlingual translation and she claims that it is increasingly agreed within the academic community of translators that the translators responsibilities go well beyond what was traditionally considered a translation proper (Schffner 1999: 98).