Then Nigeria was organised into a federation that had three regions. Federalism has been present in Nigeria since the former British colony was reorganized into a federation of three regions in 1946. It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. Also, Read: Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria. He is also a Developer with knowledge in HTML, CSS, JS, PHP and React Native. Also see: Historical constitutional development in Nigeria explained. << There are Benin and Togo in between Ghana and Nigeria, two of the former British African colonies. If the desire to remain separate does not exist, the the association will not be federal but unitary with some delegation of powers to local government. This book was released on 2022-09-16 with total page 197 pages. By every political barometer, this is a thought-provoking account of the Nigeria-Biafra political imbroglio. Fear of insecurity and the desire for a Union Meaning of federalism? What a nice article, very educative for students in school, Could you please explain fear of minorities, Could you please explain fear of minorities, Economic factors and Diversities in culture. ICT and Its Impact on National Development In Nigeria: An Overview Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation "There are reasons why some nation-states opt for federalism. /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] 7 Topics Revenue Allocation in Nigeria | Week 9. However, the practice of fiscal federalism in Nigeria is a negation of true federalism. Just very few words have evoked much more controversy in the discus of politics than the word, federalism. PDF Federalism in Nigeria: Accommodating Diversity and Promoting Stability Introduction In a statement on the 2015 Nigerian General Elections the Freedom House (2015a) congratulated Nigerians for an election that appears to be one of the smoothest and least violent in Nigeria's by the federal or any state government. American Federalism - 56 American Federalism 2 Listen to Chapter 2 on . The current problems facing the Nigeria government and the Biafra separatist agitators originate in the causes and the effects of the Nigerian Civil war (06 July 1967-15 January 1970). Required fields are marked *. Federalism as a system of government has been approached with variegated definitions such that one might argue that there are much definitions of federalism as there are authors on the subject. PDF Nigerian Federalism: Issues, Challenges and Prospects The intimidating size of Nigeria does not only earn her an international respect but also provides her with a buffer to attacks by rogue nations and disgruntled neighbours. (Pdf) Fiscal Federalism and Local Government Financial Autonomy in The effectiveness of linking communications has been a vital factor in geographical unit. As a result of this, it has brought about the cry of the minorities clamoring for their own state. Granted is the fact that federalism was launched in Nigeria by expatriate leaders, its continued existence since independence is standing firm on the interest of the indegeneous leaders. 2) The Problem of Minorities: In Nigeria, there are majority groups and minority groups. Another important factor that necessitated federalism in Nigeria was the political culture of the country. Useful tips on how to download from YouTube using SS, 10 most delicious Nigerian dishes for dinner, "Youve admitted election was flawed", Atiku replies Tinubu campaign, Whitney Adeyemi: Protest Hits Lagos as Residents Besiege Chrisland School, Long Fulani tribal braids: 30 beautiful styles to try out, Old Naira notes: 5 key things to know about Supreme Court's final verdict, "Precious don finish work": Little girl with 'anointing' prays passionately over food as mum watches, video trends. Federalism is a system of government where there are a decentralization power and autonomy of governance to the regional or federated states that share sovereignty with the Federal Government. The fear of marginalization by the minority in a unitary system of government has, to a great extent, influenced the majority state support for federating states. There is no doubt that geographical factored are one of the influential reasons for federalism in Nigeria. Federalism can be defined as a system of government in which political powers of the state are shared between the central government and other component units. This understanding is also in tune with that of Jinadu (1979:15), who insists that Federalism is usually viewed as a form of governmental and institutional structure, deliberately designed by political architects, to cope with the twin but difficult task of maintaining unity while also preserving diversity. It is no news, therefore, that the peoples of Nigeria are diverse in different respects culturally, historically, socially, religiously, educationally, industriously, and even philosophically. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government. Constitutionalism in Nigeria has been crisis-ridden since independence in 1960. - Cooperative or "marble-cake" federalism is de ned as a exible relationship between the national and state government in which both work together on a variety of issues and programs. Pillars of democracy: 7 Essential pillars of democracy. It argues that although deficient in popular sovereignty, the Constitutions legitimacy is moot since it is the operative law that governs the country. 7. It forays into the inherent issues underlying the Biafran movement and the ways in which those issues, as well as Biafran agitation, are inimical to Nigeria's development. Nigeria is confronted to the boomerang effects of the evolution of its federalism. sir Arthur Richards strengthened this proposal in 1945 and regionalism was introduced by his administration in 1946. But besides these three major tribes, there are over 350 other smaller tribes with diverse languages and dialects. Meaningful studies, especially the comparative study of Vile, have significantly shown that emerging challenges of conflict, cooperation and competition amongst levels of government in classical federalist states such as U.S., Canada and Australia, are important rationales for federating as well as the hallmarks of federal government (Vile, cited in Jinadu, 1979). five reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. June 1,2022 INTERNAL COLONIALISM IN NIGERIA Some of the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria are the diversity of the nation and the desire for political, cultural and social identity of a people of over 250 ethnic groups, several languages, diversities and a lot of political traditions; the desire for some form of Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Federalism in Nigeria. Asst. 33 The Marriage Act, Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 1990, sec 18 specifically stipulates: "If either party to an intended marriage, not being a Consent widower or widow, is under twenty-one years of age, the written consent of the father, or if he be dead or of unsound mind or absent from Nigeria, of the mother, or if both be dead or of unsound mind or absent from Nigeria, of the . Generally speaking, one of the reasons for federalism is common historical or ancestral background. READ ALSO: Reasons for political apathy in Nigeria, Get the hottest stories from the largest news site in Nigeria. . This is because most of the power (financial and. /Contents 4 0 R The Babangida administration followed the same step and created 21 states and more local governments. Federalism and the United States Constitution - ThoughtCo Your email address will not be published. Population of the country Do you want to know the basis and the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 7714 www.ijhssi.org Volume 2 Issue 8 August. It was under the 1954 constitution that federal system of government was fully adopted. Nigeria therefore falls into the latter because of the wide diversities. Reasons for a state to adopt a federal system include the need to reflect linguistic, economic and cultural differences of a population, especially one that is concentrated geographically. Best information base for latest information both national and international. Prof. Jan Robert Go of the Department of Political Science, UP Diliman. Samuel is bent on changing the legal profession by building Web and Mobile Apps that will make legal research a lot easier. However, that is not so in a federal government system. A large body of literature exists on Nigeria's fiscal federalism particularly with reference to revenue allocation. Secondly, are these groups well pleased, or do they at least accept such manipulative placements? Also it is more useful to expansiate on them. Nigeria are typically inclined to the derivation principle, which is the process of distributing centrally generated revenue to constituent units with regards to the contribution made by a group to the country's more 12substantial income. 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You can download the paper by clicking the button above. %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. *$( %2%(,-/0/#484.7*./. C Federalism in Nigeria - Wikipedia 2012, Issues and Trends in Nigeria's Development. The possible reasons for the practice of federalism in Nigeria are several, and have, for instance, been presented as British imposition targeted at a post-colonial relationship, or as a. This paper explores the issue of unification federalism in Nigeria, which has been an obstacle to peace, development and threats to security .The findings from an extensive reading of related materials suggest that, the root of contemporary political conflict and underdevelopment in Nigeria political landscape shows clearly in the area of Therefore, striking an acceptable delicate balance between these two divides, has, time and again, become a well known problematic world over. The disadvantages are that it can set off a race to the bottom among states, cause cross-state economic and social disparities, and obstruct federal efforts . This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. The logic for this call, nay, agitation for self-determination by this group is not faulty in itself except that the laws of the land; Nigeria 1999 Constitution (as amended) does not guarantee self-determination or secession by any group of the Nigerian political environment. Not minding the general relevance of these coinages, an arduous task lies in properly assessing their specific impacts in a given political enclave. This is another reason for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. Prior to independence, it is believed that the British adopted federalism because it favored their interest. Justice Udo Udoma is of the view that regionalism was introduced by the colonialists in order to divide and rule, and weaken true national unity in Nigeria. Therefore, the problem with federalism in Nigeria is the mix-application or non-application of this clause especially as it has to do with power distribution (Awa, 1977). /F6 21 0 R Revenue Allocation and Economic Development in Nigeria: An Empirical The origin of federalism in Nigeria can be traced to the colonial era. In Nigeria, it could be argued that our federal system of government is the creation of British colonialism. The unity here is brought about by the desire of the component units of the federation to form union in respect of some matters. Your email address will not be published. Thus, federalism is mostly considered a tangible element for coexistence, but much more, I think, as political syrup, for adumbrating potent dislocations inherent in, and symptomatic of pluralist societies. We can offhandedly list all of the reasons for the adoption of federal system in Nigeria. Keep it up , Yes , I love it and I was sentitize on those reasons. To learn more, view ourPrivacy Policy. 2013 PP.100-107, This paper explores the issue of unification federalism in Nigeria, which has been an obstacle to peace, development and threats to security .The findings from an extensive reading of related materials suggest that, the root of contemporary political conflict and underdevelopment in Nigeria political landscape shows clearly in the area of imbalance political structures that were established before and after independence. As a Nigerian, it is important to understand some basic things about the system of governance in Nigeria and why it is so. reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf. This type of government is also known as a "federation" or a "federal state" in common parlance (eg., United States of America). What a nice and educating document!We are grateful for this post. It is not surprising that Nigeria in its 55 years of political sojourn has tried different forms of federalism. Multi-Ethnicity Nigeria is a country with a lot of ethnic groups. 1. Local Government In Nigeria : Definition, Functions, And Importance, Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria, How To Calculate OAU Aggregate Score for Admission, Best Education Websites and Blogs In Nigeria (2021), Lakzeland Regional High School Board Of Education, Student Loan Planning Educational Webinar With Justin Rice, Is Agricultural Chemicals a Good Career Path? Federalism therefore involves the linkage of individuals, groups and policies in lasting but limited union in such a way as to provide for the energetic pursuit of common goals while maintaining the respective integrities of all parties. << The Legacy of Biafra: An Investigation into trauma as National Identity Fragmentation, Under Reconstruction: Ethnicity, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Future of the Nigerian State, ETHNIC SCHISM IN NIGERIA: A SOCIO-LITERAY STUDY OF CHINUA ACHEBE'S THERE WAS COUNTRY. Send the Following Details on WhatsApp ( 08143831497) After Payment. That is often the reason why some adherents of Marx quarrel vehemently about such preordained classification such as: haves and have-nots; and the liberal minds grappling with, insisting not only that all hands are not equal, but that they must never, for whatsoever reason at all, be made equal - believing that that would tantamount to the highest injustice. Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria | LearnAllinfo %PDF-1.5 Section 10 of the constitution rule outs the adoption of any religion as a state religion either. Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. Advantages and Disadvantages of Federalism - Course Hero