According to some estimates, the Ethiopian government had to arrange for the resettlement of 1.5 million people in the four regions of Gambela, Somali, Afar, and Benishangul-Gumuz. The crucial leverage regarding Egypts water security lies with the Blue Nile countries Ethiopia and Sudan, as the Blue Nile is the main contributor to the Nile Rivers flow downstream. It's very unpredictable and it can be very dangerous," says Pottinger. Consequently, under the principle of pacta tertiis nec nocent nec prosunt, it could demonstrate that those treaties cannot bind it as it was a third party and did not give its consent.
International experts analyze impacts of Ethiopian dam It also created a counter message to Egypts powerful the Nile is Egypt narrative that is familiar around the world. The colonial powers have departed and so to continue to enforce treaties agreed based around their interests would be irrational. When it is completed, with its concrete volume of 10.2 million m3, GERD will feature the largest dam in Africa. Lastly, over-year storage facilities upstream in Ethiopia will allow Sudan to increase its water use.
Negative impacts of the GERD - Opinion - Ahram Online Gebreluel, G. (2014). The official narrative is that Ethiopia can uproot poverty and bring about a definitive end to social and economic underdevelopment by means of the construction of a series of mega-dams combined with the development of the national energy infrastructure. Further, it means that this figure should be used to assess the impact of the Dam on the Egyptian economy for the purposes of calculating compensation resulting from loss of flow. Typically, treaties contain provisions on the identification and function of the depositary, entry into force, adoption and so on (Article 24(4) Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT)). This is good news for Egypt and Sudan as hydropower means little actual water withdrawal. Hence, it is hard to see how Egypt could make a compelling argument that it has been harmed by the Dam. Egyptian players abroad: Mostafa Mohamed's Nantes defeated at PSG, Trezeguet.. Italy Serie A results & fixtures (25th matchday), Egypts Prosecution investigates Hoggpool, Six European nations express concern over growing violence in Palestinian territories, Egyptian Premier League fixtures (21st matchday), US official says Biden expected to tighten rules on US investment in China. Egypt says. Egypt, Ethiopia to form joint committee on Renaissance Dam. Hence, it seems that such an argument would receive a warm welcome from the current bench were the matter ever to be adjudicated there. Ethiopia, whose highlands supply more than 85 percent of the water that flows into the Nile River, has long argued that it has the right to utilize its natural resources to address widespread poverty and improve the living standards of its people. The Kenyan Lake is heavily dependent on the fresh water and vital nutrients supplied by the rivers annual floods, making it a paradise for fisheries. It will be the largest hydropower project in Africa. The Gerd is expected to generate over 5,000 megawatts of electricity, doubling the nation's . The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) constitutes a real crisis for the Egyptian regime, where Ethiopia several times blamed Egypt for the failure of negotiations conducted between Sudan, Egypt and Ethiopia on the dam. Ethiopia, Egypt, Sudan reach 'major common understanding' on dam. Downstream countries Egypt and Sudan have expressed concerns over the impacts of the dam on their water supply. General view of the talks on Hidase Dam, built on the Blue Nile River in Ethiopia, between Sudan and Egypt in Khartoum, Sudan on October 04, 2019. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) takes an expansionist view towards decolonisation as seen in the Chagos Islands Advisory Opinion, in which it allowed the decolonisation agenda to trump the UKs lack of consent to any contentious proceedings. These conflicts could take the form of international armed conflicts (between states), non-international armed conflicts between a group and a state, or conflicts between non-state groups. That seems unlikely given that the DoP concerns the Dam alone and was agreed only between Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan; whereas the Nile Waters Treaties concern the whole Nile Basin and involve many more states. grand ethiopian renaissance dam.
Solar and wind power could break the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam The results indicated that the negative impacts on Egyptian water resources are dominant. Water Policy, 16(4), 595-608. Security implications of growing water scarcity in Egypt.
The grand Ethiopian Renaissance dam (eg) - SlideShare The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. The drying up of this in Central Asia has been called the worlds worst environmental catastrophe. Sudan is caught between the competing interests of Egypt and Ethiopia. The US has revived diplomatic efforts to resolve the dispute sparked by Ethiopia's Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) project on the Nile. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is estimated to cost close to 5 billion US dollars, about 7% of the 2016 Ethiopian gross national product. For example, in 2017, the UNSC highlighted the security risks of water stress in the Lake Chad Basin Region, affecting Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria, based on a combination of water scarcity, drought, desertification and land degradation. Despite the fact that newly independent Sudan in the late 1950s was literally forced by a dominant Egypt into a highly asymmetrical water-sharing arrangement, Sudan has rarely challenged this arrangement. A series of talks since then have largely failed to produce a consensus among the concerned countries, with tensions rising again after Ethiopia announced its intention to begin filling the dam in July 2020. Maguid, M.A. The 10-year filling time of GERD will likely contribute to fastened salinisation in Egypt.
Ethiopia - Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) - Hydropower But with a generation capacity of 6.45GW, the Ethiopian government quoted the project as vital to the country's economic growth. Filling of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) along the Blue Nile River is well under way near the Ethiopia-Sudan border. Although Khartoum initially opposed the construction of the GERD, it has since warmed up to it, citing its potential to improve prospects for domestic development. In the relatively unlikely scenario that the above points failed, Ethiopia could argue that there has been such a change of circumstances since the Nile Waters Treaties were concluded that they ought to be terminated. By Ambassador Gurjit Singh*. What Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia must overcome to all benefit from the Grand Renaissance Dam. IDS (2013).
Benefits from the Nile's Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam - Rural 21 The Nile-COM is the highest political and decisionmaking body of the NBI. At that point, the lake that . Revisiting hydro-hegemony from a benefitsharing perspective: the case of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam.
Revisiting hydro-hegemony from a benefitsharing perspective: the case The Danger of Multi-Party Democracy and Free Elections in Plural Societies Recognizing the Muslim Brotherhood as a Legitimate Player in Egyptian Politics was a Big Mistake Ethiopian Partnering with ASKY to Establish West African Cargo Hub Ethiopia and China's ZTE singed $800 million mobile deal H and M to build factories in Ethiopia Despite the intense disagreements, though, Ethiopia continues to move forward with the dam, arguing that the hydroelectric project will significantly improve livelihoods in the region more broadly. The GERD and the Revival of the Egyptian-Sudanese Dispute over the Nile Waters. Workers move iron girders from a crane at the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), near Guba, Ethiopia, on Dec. 26, 2019. The Tendaho, Tekeze, and the Gibe series are only a few examples from that period. per year, that would constitute a drought, to push the three countries to adhere to their obligations in accordance with the rules of international law in order to reach a fair and balanced solution to the issue of the GERD, 1929 Anglo-Egyptian Treaty and 1959 Agreement. . Kandeel, A. These discussions highlighted benefits such as more consistent water flow, minimising the risks of flood and drought, and the potential for discounted hydroelectricity produced by the Dam. Whittington, D. et al. Such a mitigation program can make it much easier for Egyptian and Sudanese authorities to cooperate with Ethiopia and the other riparians in creating and adopting an agreement for management of the Nile. Match. Cairo - U.S. Special Envoy to the Horn of Africa Ambassador Mike Hammer met with senior Egyptian government officials on July 25 to advance a diplomatic resolution on the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) that supports the water needs, economy, and livelihood of all Egyptians, Sudanese, and Ethiopians. Success on this endeavor will only occur under a legally binding regime that ensures mutually beneficial rights. February 14, 2022 JPEG Practically from the outset, the World Bank and international donors withdrew funding due to a lack of transparency, driven home when it was learned that the construction had begun without a permit from the Environmental Protection Agency in Ethiopia. It can help the riparian states outline principles, rights, and obligations for cooperative management of the resources of the Nile. Since its inception, there have been two, highly contentious, products. These are two of the largest dams in Africa. This is an intergovernmental partnership to provide a forum for consultation and coordination for the sustainable management and development of shared water.
The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, a powerful generation linchpin Given the importance of water to Ethiopian agriculture, it resulted in the tragic irony that, as Thurow put it, the land than feeds the Nile is unable to feed itself. The status quo started to change when Ethiopia began construction of the Dam, just east of its border with Sudan, in 2011. The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is a 6000 MW hydropower project on the Blue Nile, which the Ethiopian government plans to build to fulfill the country's energy needs. Egypt Forced to Negotiate on Nile Dam. Article IV of the DoP provides that the parties shall utilize their shared water resources in their respective territories in an equitable and reasonable manner and Article III provides that the parties shall take all appropriate measures to prevent the causing of significant harm in utilizing the Blue/Main Nile. Ethiopia can make a strong case that the operation of the Dam complies with each principle. The New Arab (2020b). Another impressive snippet of information is that the Government of Ethiopia is financing the entire project, along with loans mainly from China. Rendering of GERDEthiopia is building one of the largest dams in the world, the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), on the River Nile near the Sudan border. Perhaps even more consequential is the fact that this agreement granted Egypt veto power over future Nile River projects. The current filling which is ongoing since early July 2021 has presented no issues as well. Both Egypt and Ethiopia could make arguments in support of their positions. Similarly, both the final agreement between the riparian states for the allocation of the water and resources of the Nile should include a dispute resolution mechanism. Ethiopia, one of the poorest countries in Africa, has the second largest population in the continent. Addis Ababa has said the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), a $4bn hydropower project, is crucial to its economic development and to provide power. Learn the history of Toronto from the city's official website. Tawfik, Rawia Discussion Paper 5/2015 .
(PDF) Benefit of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam Project (GERDP) for The 6,000-megawatt Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, shown here in May 2016, is scheduled to begin producing electricity in 2017. to hydrate farmland), it would effectively be taken from downstream states like Egypt. The significance of Gulf involvement was highlighted by the . The $4 billion hydroelectric dam .
Review a brief history of copyright in the United States. In contrast, other watercourse states on the Nile have lent their support to the Dam. The Eastern Nile Basin comprises Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia. If Egyptian authorities refuse to abandon these anachronistic treatieswhich have created untenable water-use rights that benefit only itself and Sudanall parties will remain at an impasse. Both countries are concerned that without a clear and binding agreement with Ethiopia, the latter will have full control of the passage of water from the GERD during droughts, which would be devastating to the lives of millions in Egypt and Sudan. Why the Nile could see a 'water war'. A major reason the GERD is so controversial today is that it has not been subjected to thorough safety and impact studies, which could pose a grave threat to downriver nations. According to Baradei, hydropower dams create immense turbulence in the water, where chemical reactions such as dissolved oxygen can destroy fauna and flora. Third, Egypt should abandon continued references to its so-called natural historical rights (i.e., the water rights granted Egypt by the 1929 Anglo-Egyptian Treaty and the 1959 Agreement between Egypt and Sudan). [35] It and several other large dams in Ethiopia could turn the country into Africa's hydropower hub. Could the Nile dispute be an opportunity to boost freshwater technology? In fact, about 85 % of the overall Nile flow originates on Ethiopian territory (Swain, 2011).
Water Politics and the Gulf States: The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam If it is allowed to reach dangerous levels, water scarcity has the potential to trigger conflicts. On Foes and Flows: Vulnerabilities, Adaptive Capacities and Transboundary Relations in the Nile River Basin in Times of Climate Change. This dam, set to be the largest in Africa in terms of power capacity, continues to cause disagreement between Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt on filling and operation strategies. Ethiopia Needs the United States to Act as an Honest Broker in the Nile . DISADVANTAGES OF ASWAN DAM the agriculture output of Egypt. The first filling of the dam in July 2020 went uneventfully. A significant segment of local opinion is also aware of the well-known problems that come with mega-dams wherever they are built, among them population displacements and resettlement, reductions in the quality of life, the spread of waterborne diseases, salinisation and the loss of productive and profitable lands, more intense competition over the remaining available land, and losses of cultural and historic heritage. In recognition of the fact that the Nile Waters Treaties had become an uncomfortable and anachronistic vestige of colonialism, ten watercourse states along the Nile (including Egypt and Ethiopia) agreed in 1999 to form the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI).
Egypt relies on the river for as much as 90 percent of its freshwater and sees the new dam as an existential . Nile Basins GERD dispute creates risks for Egypt, Sudan, and beyond. Construction on the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam began in 2011 and it is currently nearing completion.